The correct approach is to configure the Lambda function to run inside the VPC with the appropriate security group. When a Lambda function is attached to a VPC, it can be assigned to specific subnets and security groups. This allows the function to access private resources, such as a database in the on-premises data center, via existing Direct Connect connections and routing through the virtual private gatewayassuming appropriate routes and firewall rules are already configured.

Why the other options are incorrect:

Setting up a VPN connection is unnecessary in this case because the company already has a working Direct Connect setup. Creating a redundant VPN tunnel introduces additional complexity and cost without adding value to this scenario.

Updating the VPC route tables does not directly allow a Lambda function to access the on-premises database unless the function is attached to the VPC. Without VPC attachment, Lambda runs in an isolated environment that has no access to VPC routing or private subnets.

Creating an Elastic IP and sending traffic from Lambda through it is not possible. Lambda functions cannot bind to Elastic IPs directly unless theyre behind a NAT Gateway, and even then, it would not allow secure, private access to an internal database in the on-premises network.

Why this question matters: This scenario highlights real-world hybrid connectivity involving Lambda, Direct Connect, and VPC integration. Understanding how to enable private Lambda-to-on-premises communication is key in modern, serverless enterprise architectures.

Exam tip: When Lambda needs to access private or on-premises resources, always check whether it should be attached to a VPC. Once inside the VPC, standard routing and security group logic applies. Don't confuse internet routing (Elastic IPs, NAT) with private connectivity (Direct Connect or VPN).

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