The best solution is: Use AWS DataSync to migrate the data. Configure the task to limit bandwidth usage to avoid saturating the shared connection.

AWS DataSync is designed for fast, secure, and automated data transfer between on-premises systems and AWS storage services, including Amazon FSx for Windows File Server. It supports features such as encryption in transit, data validation, scheduling, and bandwidth throttling. Throttling is particularly important here, as it allows the institute to control how much network capacity the migration process uses, reducing disruption to other departments. DataSync can easily handle a 30 TB migration in a matter of days, especially over a 1 Gbps link, when configured correctly.

The option Deploy AWS Snowcone devices onsite and use them to transfer data physically to AWS, then import it into FSx is a potential solution for environments with poor network connectivity or limited bandwidth. However, in this scenario, the institute has adequate network capacity and a tight 5-day window, making the logistics of shipping Snowcone devices too slow and cumbersome for the timeline.

The option Implement Amazon FSx File Gateway to replicate data from the on-premises file server to the cloud in near real-time is not a suitable migration tool. FSx File Gateway is used to access FSx file systems from on-premises environments but is not designed for one-time bulk data transfer or controlled bandwidth usage. Its more of a hybrid access solution than a migration tool.

The option Set up AWS Transfer Family to enable secure FTP-based uploads of the files to an S3 bucket for later migration to FSx introduces unnecessary complexity and indirect paths for data migration. Additionally, it lacks built-in bandwidth management and automation capabilities that are needed for a controlled, efficient transfer under a time constraint.

This question is important because it evaluates your understanding of data migration options in AWS and how to optimize for performance and resource usage under real-world constraints like limited bandwidth and strict timelines. A useful trick when answering questions like this is to look for services that provide network control, automation, and direct compatibility with the target storage type. AWS DataSync is purpose-built for this use case and often the right choice for fast and controlled data transfers.

What makes this question tricky is the presence of seemingly viable options like Snowcone and FSx File Gateway. Understanding their ideal use casesoffline transfer versus hybrid accesshelps narrow down the correct answer when under exam conditions.

Full AWS Practitioner Certification Question